🧪Testing

Testing is a crucial part of the development process, ensuring that your code behaves as expected and helping to prevent bugs. Flutter provides a rich set of testing features to test apps at unit, widget, and integration levels.

1. Unit Testing 📊

Unit testing involves testing individual functions, methods, or classes. The test package provides tools to write unit tests.

Setup:

Add the test package to your pubspec.yaml file:

dev_dependencies:
  test: ^1.24.9

Example:

import 'package:test/test.dart';

void main() {
  test('Addition', () {
    expect(2 + 2, equals(4));
  });
}

2. Widget Testing 🎡

Widget testing involves testing a single widget. The flutter_test package provides tools to create widget tests.

Setup:

The flutter_test package is included in every Flutter app.

Example:

import 'package:flutter_test/flutter_test.dart';
import 'package:my_app/main.dart';  // Import your main.dart file

void main() {
  testWidgets('Finds a text widget', (WidgetTester tester) async {
    await tester.pumpWidget(MyApp());

    expect(find.text('Hello, world!'), findsOneWidget);
  });
}

3. Integration Testing 🔄

Integration testing involves testing a complete app or a large part of an app.

Setup:

Add the integration_test, and flutter_test packages to your pubspec.yaml file:

dev_dependencies:
  integration_test:
    sdk: flutter
  flutter_test:
    sdk: flutter

Example:

import 'package:integration_test/integration_test.dart';
import 'package:flutter_test/flutter_test.dart';
import 'package:my_app/main.dart';

void main() {
  IntegrationTestWidgetsFlutterBinding.ensureInitialized();

  testWidgets("failing test example", (WidgetTester tester) async {
    await tester.pumpWidget(MyApp());

    expect(find.text('Hello, world!'), findsNothing);
  });
}

Complete Example Code 📜

Below is a simple Flutter app with corresponding unit, widget, and integration tests.

The app (lib/main.dart):

import 'package:flutter/material.dart';

void main() {
  runApp(MyApp());
}

class MyApp extends StatelessWidget {
  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return MaterialApp(
      home: Scaffold(
        appBar: AppBar(title: Text('Testing Example')),
        body: Center(child: Text('Hello, world!')),
      ),
    );
  }
}

Unit Test (test/unit_test.dart):

import 'package:test/test.dart';

void main() {
  test('Addition', () {
    expect(2 + 2, equals(4));
  });
}

Widget Test (test/widget_test.dart):

import 'package:flutter_test/flutter_test.dart';
import 'package:testing_example/main.dart';

void main() {
  testWidgets('Finds a text widget', (WidgetTester tester) async {
    await tester.pumpWidget(MyApp());

    expect(find.text('Hello, world!'), findsOneWidget);
  });
}

Integration Test (integration_test/app_test.dart):

import 'package:integration_test/integration_test.dart';
import 'package:flutter_test/flutter_test.dart';
import 'package:testing_example/main.dart';

void main() {
  IntegrationTestWidgetsFlutterBinding.ensureInitialized();

  testWidgets("finds the text widget", (WidgetTester tester) async {
    await tester.pumpWidget(MyApp());

    expect(find.text('Hello, world!'), findsOneWidget);
  });
}

In this example, you have a simple app with corresponding tests at unit, widget, and integration levels. This sets a good foundation for adding more complex tests as your app grows.

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Assignments 📝

• Write a unit test for a function in your app.

• Write a widget test for a custom widget in your app.

• Write an integration test for a key workflow in your app.